Arp, Jean or Hans Arp (1887-1966)  avant-garde French sculptor, painter, and poet, born September 16, 1887, in Strasbourg. Arp studied art in Weimar and Paris between 1905 and 1909 and then painted in Switzerland for several years. By 1912 he had become associated with Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider), a group of expressionist artists in Munich. Arp's work during the 1915-16 period consisted of angularly patterned, totally abstract tapestries and drawings. In 1916 Arp helped found the revolutionary Dadaist school of artists in Zürich.  In 1917 Arp's style of art changed to the familiar abstract, curvilinear forms of his later work. In 1924 Arp moved to Paris, where he was associated with the surrealists and produced painted wooden bas-reliefs and humorous cut-cardboard constructions. In the 1930s, Arp began to work in freestanding sculpture, carving and molding a variety of substances. An example of his smooth, biomorphic forms is Human Concretion (1935; cast stone version, 1949, Museum of Modern Art, New York City). He also worked at various times in gouache, collage, engraving, and lithography. Throughout his career, he wrote both poetry and essays. Arp was bilingual and called himself Jean when writing in French and Hans when writing in German.  |
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